三. cacti的安装

1.安装环境：RedHat AS4.8

2. 安装Apache、MySQL、PHP

（1）.安装MySQL

//查看系统中是否已经安装了MySQL，如果是卸载所有以mysql 开头的包。

# rpm –qa | grep mysql

# rpm –e mysql-*

//查找/etc/my.cnf（MySQL 的选项配置文件），如果有请删除它，以免影响新

安装版本的启动。

# rm –f /etc/my.cnf

# tar –zxvf mysql-4.1.10.tar.gz

# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mysql && make && make install

//添加用于启动MySQL 的用户及用户组（如果以前安装过MySQl，用户及用户

组可能已存在）。

# useradd mysql

# cd /usr/local/mysql

//修改MySQl 目录的所有权

# chown –R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

# bin/mysql_install_db –user=mysql

修改数据库属主

Chown mysql var

Bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &

Echo ‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &’>>/etc/rc.local

# ln –s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

（2）.安装Apache

下载地址：http://httpd.apache.org/

# tar –zxvf httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz

# cd httpd-2.2.4

# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apache –enable-so

//编译时加上加载模块参数–enable-so

# make

# make install

#vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

//修改Apache 配置文件，添加ServerName www.yourdomain.com（或ServerName 本

机ip）

# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

// 在rc.local 上加入一行/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start, 系统启动时启动

Apache 服务。

（3）.安装PHP

先安装zlib,freetype,libpng,jpeg 以便于让PHP 支持GD 库（ Cacti 的WeatherMap

插件必须要GD 库的支持）

1）.安装zlib

tar zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

cd zlib-1.2.3

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/zlib

make

make install

2）.安装libpng

tar zxvf libpng-1.2.16.tar.tar

cd libpng-1.2.16

cd scripts/

mv makefile.linux ../makefile

cd ..

make

make install

注意，这里的makefile 不是用./configure 生成，而是直接从scripts/里拷一个

3）.安装freetype

tar zxvf freetype-2.3.4 .tar.gz

cd freetype-2.3.4

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/freetype

make

make install

4）.安装Jpeg

tar -zxf jpegsrc-1.v6b.tar.gz

cd jpeg-6b/

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/include

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/bin

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/lib

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/man

mkdir /usr/local/libjpeg/man/man1

//可以用mkdir -p /usr/local/libjpeg/man/man1 一步创建多层目录

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/libjpeg –enable-shared –enable-static

make && make install

注意，这里configure 一定要带–enable-shared 参数，不然，不会生成共享库

5）.安装libxml，RedHat AS 4 默认安装libxml 包，但版本太低，PHP5 需要更高

版本的libxml 包。

# tar –zxvf libxml2-2.6.25.tar.gz libxml2-devel也要装（RPM）

# cd libxml2-2.6.25

# ./configure

# make

# make install

6）.安装Fontconfig (用RPM安装，灰字忽略)扩展包和关联包也装上

tar -zxvf fontconfig-2.4.2.tar.gz

cd fontconfig-2.4.2

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/fontconfig –with-freetype-config=/usr/local/freetype/bin/freetype-config

make

make install

7）.安装GD

tar -zxvf gd-2.0.34.tar.gz

cd gd-2.0.34

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/libgd –with-png –with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype –with-jpeg=/usr/local/libjpeg

make

make install

编译时显示以下信息：

** Configuration summary for gd 2.0.34:

Support for PNG library: yes

Support for JPEG library: yes

Support for Freetype 2.x library: yes

Support for Fontconfig library: yes

Support for Xpm library: no

Support for pthreads: yes

8）.编辑/etc/ld.so.conf，添加以下几行到此文件中。

/usr/local/zlib/lib

/usr/local/freetype/lib

/usr/local/libjpeg/lib

/usr/local/libgd/lib

并执行ldconfig 命令，使用动态装入器装载找到共享库

9）.安装PHP

tar -zxvf php-5.2.3.tar.gz

cd php-5.2.3

# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql –with-gd=/usr/local/libgd –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-ttf –with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype –with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/libjpeg –with-png-dir=/usr –with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib –enable-xml –enable-mbstring –enable-sockets

#注：如果出现configure: error: cannot find output from lex; giving up，从光盘安装flex包即可解决。-_-!!

# make

# make install

# ln –s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

查找AddType application/x-compress .Z

AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

在其下加入AddType application/x-tar .tgz

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType image/x-icon .ico

修改DirectoryIndex 行，添加index.php

修改为DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.html.var

# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/test.php

添加以下行：

<?php

Phpinfo();

?>

wq 保存退出。

# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl restart

在浏览器中输入：http://www.yourdomain.com/test.php 进行测试。

对php 编译选项的解释：

–prefix=/usr/local/php //指定PHP 的安装目录

–with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs //支持Apache 模块

–with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql //支持MySQl

–with-gd=/usr/local/libgd //支持GD 库

–enable-gd-native-ttf //激活对本地TrueType 字符串函数的支持

–with-ttf //激活对FreeType 1.x 的支持

–with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype //激活对FreeType 2.x 的支持

–with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/libjpeg //激活对jpeg-6b 的支持

–with-png-dir //激活对png 的支持

–with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib//激活对zlib 的支持

–enable-mbstring //激活mbstring 模块

–with-mail //支持Mail 函数

–enable-xml //支持XML

–enable-sockets //支持套接字

3. 安装RRDTool

由于rrdtool-1.2.23 需要一些库文件支持，故需先安装配置支持的环境，然后编译安

装。

需要的包：cgilib-0.5.tar.gz、zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz、libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz、freetype-

2.3.5.tar.gz、libart_lgpl-2.3.17.tar.gz、rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz

tar zxf cgilib-0.5.tar.gz

(1)cd cgilib-0.5

对于0.5版本的cgilib源码部分需做一定的修改：

在 cgi.c 里寻找 #include <malloc.h> ，把那行删掉

修改cgitest.c中116行的错误

116行的代码如下：

printf (“<h3>Cookie “Library” set</h3>n”;

应为代码出错，正确的应是

printf (“<h3>Cookie “Library” set</h3>n”;

make

make install

mkdir -p /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/include

cp cgi.h /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/include

mkdir -p /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/lib

cp libcgi.a /usr/local/rrdtool/lb/lib

(2)tar zxf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

cd zlib-1.2.3

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb

make

make install

tar zxvf libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz

(3)cd libpng-1.2.18

./configure –disable-shared –prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb

make

make install

tar zxvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz

(4)cd freetype-2.2.5

./configure –disable-shared –prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb

make

make install

(5)tar zxvf libart_lgpl-2.3.17.tar.gz 用RPM把开发包也装上libart_lgpl-devel….

cd libart_lgpl-2.3.17

./configure –disable-shared —

prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool/lb

make;make install

(6)tar xjf intltool-0.40.6.tar.bz2

Cd intltool-0.40.6

./configure

Make;make install

(7)tar zxf rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz

cd rrdtool-1.2.23

./configure –prefix=/uar/local/rrdtool –disable-tcl &&

make && make install

//完成后建立符号连接

ln –s /usr/local/rrdtool/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

cp /usr/local/lib/libpng.so.0 /usr/lib/ 这步必须有，否则报错找不到此文件。

//执行rrdtool 看是否安装正确

4. 安装net-snmp

# tar zxvf net-snmp-5.2.4.tar.gz

#cd net-snmp-5.2.4

#./configure –prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp –enable-developer

#make

#make install

# ln –s /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

#cp EXAMPLE.conf /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf

修改/usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf文件的61和62行，设置可以访问改SNMP的网段以及community名称。
比如设置为
com2sec local localhost public
com2sec mynetwork 192.168.100.0/24 public

# /usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd -c /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf

启动SNMP 服务

# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

//在rc.local 上加入一行/usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd -c /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf,系统启动时启动SNMP

服务。

5. 安装Cacti

Cacti 官方网站：www.cacti.net/

# tar –zxvf cacti-0.8.6j.tar.gz

# mv cacti-0.8.6j /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti

# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php

$database_type = “mysql”;

$database_default = “cacti”;

$database_hostname = “localhost”;

$database_username = “cacti”;

$database_password = “cacti”;

//添加cacti 用户

# useradd cacti

//将rra 目录的所有权给cacti 用户

# chown –R cacti /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti/rra

//修改cacti 目录所属组

# chgrp –R cacti /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti

//添加cron 任务

# crontab –e

*/5 * * * * /usr/local/bin/php /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php

&gt; /dev/null 2&gt;&1

6. 安装Cactid

CACTID 的安装需要以下支持：

net-snmp-devel （需要编译安装net-snmp 时添加–enable-developer 选项）

mysql

mysql-devel （mysql 源文件编译安装后默认支持）

openssl-devel （Redhat 默认安装）

# tar -zxvf cacti-cactid-0.8.6i.tar.gz

# cd cacti-cactid-0.8.6i

# ./configure –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql –with-snmp=/usr/local/net-snmp

# make;

//这时你将在此目录下看到多出了cactid、cactid.conf 两个文件

# mkdir /usr/local/cactid

# cp cactid cactid.conf /usr/local/cactid

# vi /usr/local/cactid/cactid.conf //修改cactid 配置文件

DB_Host 127.0.0.1

DB_Database cacti

DB_User cacti

DB_Pass cacti

7. 数据库配置

#mysql –uroot –p

Password:

mysql&gt; create database cacti;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql&gt; grant all on cacti.* to cacti@localhost identified by “cacti”;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql&gt;exit

# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti

# mysql –uroot –p cacti &lt; cacti.sql

Password:

补充：#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.15.0.0 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.15

#ldconfig

这两句要加上，否则系统无法找到libmysqlclient.so.15库

Chmod 777 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/log

Chmod 777 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/rra

8. 完成cacti 的安装

1）.在浏览器中输入：http://ip/cacti/

默认用户名：admin 密码：admin

设置cacti用到的命令路径
snmpwalk Binary Path       /usr/local/ bin/snmpwalk
snmpget Binary Path       /usr/local/ bin/snmpget
RRDTool Binary Path       /usr/local/ bin/rrdtool
PHP Binary Path             /usr/local/bin/php
Cacti Log File Path       /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/log/cacti.log
Cactid Poller File Path    /usr/local/cactid/cactid